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Del curso dictado por Peking University

Advanced Neurobiology I

256 calificaciones

Peking University

Advanced Neurobiology I

256 calificaciones

Hello everyone! Welcome to advanced neurobiology! Neuroscience is a wonderful branch of science on how our brain perceives the external world, how our brain thinks, how our brain responds to the outside of the world, and how during disease or aging the neuronal connections deteriorate. We’re trying to understand the molecular, cellular nature and the circuitry arrangement of how nervous system works. Through this course, you'll have a comprehensive understanding of basic neuroanatomy, electral signal transduction, movement and several diseases in the nervous system. This advanced neurobiology course is composed of 2 parts (Advanced neurobiology I and Advanced neurobiology II, and the latter will be online later). They are related to each other on the content but separate on scoring and certification, so you can choose either or both. It’s recommended that you take them sequentially and it’s great if you’ve already acquired a basic understanding of biology. Thank you for joining us!

De la lección

Signaling within neurons & Ion channels and membrane potentials

Let's switch to the electrical properties of the neuron.

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Conoce a los instructores

Yan Zhang
Professor
School of Life Sciences, Peking University
Yulong Li
Research Fellow
School of Life Sciences, Peking University

This is indeed a very intriguing question.

Could I also say that not only the connectivity between the neurons but

also the matching of their presynaptic radiation transmitters and

the receiving, the post-synaptic neurons, and using their receptors,

they also need to perfectly arrange in the logic manner?

And, by that so, that both are connecting and

then matching of their connectivity type.

They can organize into a sort of efficiency system to encode or

decode information.

>> Absolutely, so

that's actually a question we have thought about quite a bit.

This is Part of the matching problem is neuroscience.

The number of pre and post synaptic cells needs to match and we have somewhat a good

idea of that which is your trophines and then targets secreted factors.

So you don't actually have to generate them completely in matching but then if

some dies without finding the partner then that's one good matching mechanims.

What you're referring to is a really interesting matching problem.

So how do you match the presynaptic neurotransmitter phenotype and

the postsynaptic receptor expression?

So we've actually designed a good system in to study this.

We haven't found a lot of answers yet.

So here, we're actually using a very

strange cation channel that is.

So there's these very strange cation channels that are excitatory.

You can see how they send in,

there's only four muscles in the defecation system that utilizes that.

And without so because the defecating neuron chooses the GABAergic

transmitter phenotype and then the cell, the muscles specifically

turns on these cation channels, this would be a very good pair.

Because most of the other cells,

almost all the other cells don't turn on these channels okay.

So incredibly strangely, if you look at the lineage of those four muscles,

three of them are generated from the same progenitor cells from the same lineage,

and one is from a completely different lineage all the way in the head.

And then, once that neuron is generated they migrate all the way to the tail of

the worms to do this.

It doesn't make any sense at this moment.

So we started screenings to get at questions just like that.

And that's a great question if you can imagine they're amassing questions.

These questions are going to be very difficult to study in a rather

complex system.

>> Yes, so and also if once think about doing the environment,

it seems that the nervous system just like any other system,

might neutralize the transition factors to coordinate to different process.

Reason for, at this end, the simpler fly system people already identified

transgression factors that can both contort the important gene, for

example, in a fly system, as well as controlling the queue.

So for certain light sensitive neurons so

the same set of transgression factors that can specify the postsynaptic targets.

So imagine that a similar principle might be occurring in the worms?

>> Yeah, absolutely now you're referring to this coordination idea.

So neurons have different properties.

They send their axons one way and

then they also express a certain enzymes that mix freeze temperature terminals,

that's probably preparing them to connect to a cell that is in

the bright post receptor in that place where the axon turns to right.

And then, it probably also have some your peptides, hormones, and

it's getting ready to release at the right place.

So each neuron has different properties and

you're talking about coordination ideas.

So, I think that's a very interesting question and

it hasn't been very well understood.

And I think the next step is to really, to push the single type of cell,

or single cell RNA-seq, and we're really of the cusp of being able to do that.

There has been several groups that were doing that, as we speak, sorting this out.

Doing all these CT scans and understanding their transcriptional profile and

making guesses about how these written hypothesis about what

are possible coordination, coordinating events during development that occurs.

An then it will become a matter of testing the hypothesis.

What we have in hypothesis will be repositioned to tackle them because

we know a lot about the, as a guidance, we know something about this as announced.

But that's really an interesting coordination, but again,

what you're trying to do is trying to make some sense.

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