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1.1.2 Ways to sense the environment-II

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Advanced Neurobiology II

Universidad de Pekín

4.2 (62 calificaciones) | 7.5K estudiantes inscritos

Hello everyone! Welcome to advanced neurobiology! Neuroscience is a wonderful branch of science on how our brain perceives the external world, how our brain thinks, how our brain responds to the outside of the world, and how during disease or aging the neuronal connections deteriorate. We’re trying to understand the molecular, cellular nature and the circuitry arrangement of how nervous system works. Through this course, you'll have a comprehensive understanding of basic neuroanatomy, electral signal transduction, movement and several diseases in the nervous system. This advanced neurobiology course is composed of 2 parts (Advanced neurobiology I and Advanced neurobiology Il). They are related to each other on the content but not on scoring or certification, so you can choose either or both. It’s recommended that you take them sequentially and it’s great if you’ve already acquired a basic understanding of biology. Thank you for joining us!

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4.2 (62 calificaciones)

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De la lección

Perception: Vision

1.1.1 Ways to sense the environment-I10:18

1.1.2 Ways to sense the environment-II11:57

1.1.3 Ways to sense the environment-III8:24

1.1.4 Sensory transduction-I9:04

1.1.5 Sensory transduction-II9:12

1.1.6 Sensory processing9:12

1.1.7 Sensory representation in the brain4:57

1.1.8 Vision15:58

1.1.9 Single-photon detection16:44

1.1.10 Second messengers8:35

Impartido por:

Chenjian Li
Professor
Donggen Luo
Research Fellow
Yan Zhang
Professor

Transcripción

So and this guy actually is moving very fast.

Now of course, that rat is also very sensitive.

[FOREIGN] The time

reaction for

this catching

is very short.

[FOREIGN] Okay, here are things that

are difficult for the animal, right?

So you think about the situation.

Very small rat, maybe 50 meters that way.

[FOREIGN] So your

speed is very fast.

And then very short time usually

that means you cannot actually adjust your directions.

So when you mixture move [FOREIGN].

Precisely locate the animals there, right?

[FOREIGN] How this guy

can locate that rat's

location is challenging.

[FOREIGN] Now, what kind of strategy

can you think about should the animal

use to precisely locate the rat?

Just the sound coming, okay?

How you can make it the location.

>> [INAUDIBLE] >> Based on what kind of information,

do you think?

>> [INAUDIBLE] >> The distance, between?

>> [INAUDIBLE] >> Good.

>> [INAUDIBLE] >> Fly away, right?

>> [INAUDIBLE] of the ultra [INAUDIBLE]

some [INAUDIBLE].

>> Okay, so you're talking about echoing, so the echolocation.

That's like a bat, like a bat, right?

Now they use this strategy.

So that's a good way to locate the target.

And in this case here actually, mainly used for

information, is actually the sound.

Made the noise, made by this target.

Some kind of a noise there.

And then the noise of course will travel to this big guy.

And then, okay you travel but still you cannot actually make the location, right?

It's challenging.

Okay, good.

May be based on the sound travel to

the left and the right ear actually

the timing they are different.

And based on this they of course for

example even left is sit here make some noise and

then this ear will first actually receive the sound.

And then will be this one, right?

And the difference, actually.

So right now, the difference actually is very large, okay?

What's the difference?

And then basically it's my, the difference is between the whole head, okay?

It's the left and right.

But then the target move to here, then you'll look at this information coming.

Then, maybe still first, actually coming to this one.

And then, will come to this one.

Right?

But then, the difference between this situation, actually, it's quite similar.

Okay?

So, in the brain, and in this guy, actually, in the brain

then you have different neurons sitting in the brain.

Of course in the auditory systems.

[FOREIGN] And then each neuron maybe represents a specific location, map.

All the same. Okay, so when one particular neuron,

they get excited, then you will know, yeah, that's front, that spot.

There was a target there.

Basically, you use this information.

We will talk about that actually later, okay?

In this case the intersensory system actually used for

catching the food, right?

It's also for survival of course.

And then there was another one I guess actually,

maybe already many of you know this story.

Actually [FOREIGN]

studies a magnetoreception.

[FOREIGN] There

is a real famous, actually, this is a monarch butterfly.

It's quite huge okay.

It's butterfly.

[FOREIGN] The wing width came to about 10cm.

[FOREIGN]

But this fly, okay so, of course,

this butterfly has a cycle, a life cycle.

It's very interesting, okay?

The life cycle of course starts from this egg right?

[FOREIGN] From the egg, about four days,

and they will hatch out this larva.

[FOREIGN] And then this guy doing nothing,

but actually eating,

okay just accumulating a lot of energy.

And to grow and about 14 days, this guy, at it's larval stage.

And then we'll go to this [FOREIGN].

Okay, so then it's quite interesting.

A lot of things will happen,

although you cannot see, because they're inside the case.

In about ten days, then a beautiful butterfly comes out.

Now, this butterfly then can fly.

So typically the butterfly, this guy,

the lifetime is about two to six week [FOREIGN],

about one and a half months.

[FOREIGN] So that's the kind of life cycle.

And this guy also quite interesting is actually the behavior.

The behavior is, okay, this one is a special tree in Mexico.

[FOREIGN] Now this

butterfly, [FOREIGN].

Many, many of them

are accurate together.

[FOREIGN] Biological

significance for

this wiring.

[FOREIGN] This butterfly that's in Mexico,

let's say Mexico.

[FOREIGN] But in February,

and maybe in February and

March to.

This guy then

to move to the north.

[FOREIGN]

Now,

okay, so

[FOREIGN]

life cycle

[FOREIGN].

[FOREIGN]

Special differences.

[FOREIGN]

>> They

continue,

okay?

[FOREIGN] The butterfly.

[FOREIGN]

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