In 1985, after the death of the previous leader, Mikhail Gorbachev became the new leader of the Soviet Union and very soon after this, he declared the new course on Perestroyka. Perestroyka means a rebuilding but in fact it was the attempt to change the Soviet Economic System to step over those difficulties which appear in the late 1970s and in the beginning of 1980s. The approach and the reforms which were supposed by Gorbachev in 1985, were mostly in the field of economy. The economy was that death field which was the most problematic at that time and the measures which were supposed to be taken by the Soviet state, by the Communist Party in these new established system was to make more intensive economic development and to keep coming over all these economic difficulties. The attempts to reform economy was the initial beginning of the Perestroyka and further reforms. But, while in for example China, the more or less at the same time, the reforms in the economic sphere could be separated from the reform of political system in the Soviet Union. This was not the result and in the very end the economic reforms more or less are required the change of political system and a start in the improvement of economic function of the Soviet system. Gorbachev ended up with the great threat from all the whole Soviet system which led to the abolition of the system and abolition and the collapse of the Soviet Union itself. The first reforms which started in Perestroyka concern and the implementation of private initiatives, private entrepreneurship in the state commanded, administrative commanded, and planned economy. And this was the new form of entrepreneurship and new for Soviet Social Economic System. It was cooperatives. Supposing that people could do their own entrepreneurship in a form of making their own small entities, but the results of their labor could not form their own property because it was still the legal ban on any private property in the whole economic system. Of course, it was not very effective as well as the second measure which was taken at the same time. This was the new possibility to form a joint economic entities, joint enterprises, joint by the Soviet and foreign investors and of Soviet and foreign participants. These economic measures were also accompanied with other measures improving the economic, the administrative environment of the economic like the bureaucracy and the whole administrative system where formalism or corruption were great barriers for economic development. These measures which were taken and you're in the beginning of Perestroyka, were aimed to struggle with these barriers to economic development, but they were the measures taken only in the beginning. Later, the other general principle and the other general measure taken by Soviet Communist Party, whereas the policy of Glasnost. Glasnost meant openness and it meant the possibility to discuss in mass media and public discussion of political decision, the sensitive political questions. So Glasnost meant the freedom of press and it was a part of a reform and economic system because Gorbachev was afraid of opposition to all the economic measures from the party's nomenclature and it was the measure to prevent to get the public support of all the new reforms counterbalancing the reforms measures by political and partial nomenclature. So, it was not immediately reflected in the Constitution or in the Soviet legislation. The policy of Glasnost was rather the part of new policy of the state but not in new legal regulation and new legal principles. But still it was a step to the reforming of political system as well because Glasnost was right on the edge between the economy and the political system, that's the policy of Glasnost, led to the reforming of political system in the Soviet Union. These reforms started in three years after the declarant of Perestroyka for the first time namely in 1988 and it was the first competitive elections and it was later established in the new system of government. And later in the late 1980s, it was adoption of the new principles, new for the Soviet system, the principles which were borrowed from western time democracy. It was the principle of separation of powers, it was recognition of private property, ownership, and it was the recognition of the rule of law and other basic principles. So this point was probably the true point of start. All the great reforms which later were developed both in the Soviet Union and later in the Russian Federation. In the course of legal reforms in amendments to the Constitution, in adoption of the new constitution in 1991, in 1992, and 1993. This was the principal decision of making the new system, the system which was based on before alien for the Soviet system principles, principles of the Western type democracy.