Digital business models are disrupting 50-year old companies in telecommunications, transportation, advertising, e-commerce, automotive, insurance and many other industries. This course will explore the business models of software disruptors of the west such as Apple, Google, Facebook and Amazon, and the east such as Xiaomi and weChat. The class uses a structured framework for analysing business models with numerous examples so that students can apply it to their own business or case study. We will explore how software developers are not just the innovators but also the decision makers in modern competitive battles from mobile to cloud, and from consumer goods to enterprise software. And we will also explain how developers are the engine of digital business models, using examples from diverse industries – from healthcare to aviation.
Lesson 1: How digital challenges traditional management strategy
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Del curso dictado por Lund University
Digital Business Models
156 calificaciones
De la lección
Introduction to Digital Business Models
The first module will introduce the concept of digital business models. Digital business models will be used as a tool to explain the rise of internet mega brands and how companies can innovate in the digital era.
Conoce a los instructores
Andreas ConstantinouAdjunct Professor
Department of Informatics
[MUSIC]
Welcome to this course on digital business models.
My name is Andreas Constantinou.
And I'm an adjunct professor at Lund University
teaching internet business models for the past six years.
I'm also the CEO and founder of VisionMobile, a leading research firm where we
help the world understand developers and developers understand the world.
Much of the material in this course has been developed through workshops and
research carried out by Vision Mobile.
And I'm thankful to my colleagues and particularly Michael Vakulenko for
the contribution to this material.
In this course, we'll learn much about digital business models and
developers as the engine behind those business models.
Digital business models are disrupting 50 year old companies in telecommunications,
transportation, advertising, e-commerce,
automotive, insurance and many more industries.
It will explore the business models of software mega brands such as Apple,
Google, Facebook and Amazon.
We will understand how software developers are not just innovators they're also
the decision makers in modern competitive battles from mobile to cloud, and
from consumer goods to enterprise software.
We will also explore how developers are the engine of digital business models,
using examples from diverse industries, from healthcare to aviation.
We have a lot of ground to cover.
But let me ask you this first, what prompted you to study new business models?
For me, it was trying to understand how business models are disrupting several
industries, and explain this to both students and clients.
In fact, there are several industries under disruption today.
The telecommunications industry where apps like WeChat and
WhatsApp are offering free messages and calls to over a billion users.
Transportation, were Uber is replacing taxi companies, couriers and delivery services.
Advertising, where Facebook and Google are dominating search and banner advertising.
E-commerce, where Amazon and
Tencent are taking away market leadership from 50 year old traditional retailers.
Automotive where startups like Automatic.com can deliver emergency,
ride-sharing and
car repair services that were previously the exclusive privilege of car makers.
Insurance, were companies like Beam Dental and
Zenefits use digital business models to gain an unfair advantage in acquiring customers.
It might seem puzzling how such diverse companies are disrupting the incumbents.
We argue that technologies is an enabler
While it is business models that are the agent of this change.
To understand how companies work in the digital era we need new management tools.
Einstein famously said,
We cannot solve our problems with the same thinking we used when we created them.
Traditional management techniques won't work well for traditional markets and
business models that were defined in the industrial age.
They're not adequate however for understanding the changes that are taking
place in internet markets and business models.
For example, let's take a look at Nokia.
In 2007, Nokia was unbeatable,
it had nearly 40% global market share in the mobile phone business.
Four out of every ten phones that were sold were Nokia phones at that time.
Its power was unquestionable, and
most industry observers considered that market domination as irreversible.
If we were to use a classic management tool such as Michael Porter's 5-force
analysis in 2007 we would not have been able to predict the downfall of Nokia.
The barriers to entry for mobile phone makers were very high.
Producing a smartphone in late 2000s required incredible know
how in both software and hardware.
Nokia had an incredible power over suppliers with a 40% market share.
They had a very strong power and brand over customers, producing
phones faster than any other mobile phone maker and
at every possible price point selling in every country.
In 2007 Nokia was one of the top household brands globally.
There were no other substitutes for Nokia phones.
So the company enjoyed very little competition in both feature phones and
smartphones.
The same applies to BlackBerry at that time.
If one applies a 5-Force analysis on BlackBerry,
you would see that the company was very well entrenched in the enterprise sector
because of its e-mail solutions that were uniquely integrated from
the keyboard-based phone to its secure servers, delivering email on the go.
What caused the downfall of Nokia was the reason people are buying mobile phones.
In 2007, people bought phones for their features.
For example, the top of the range Nokia N95, or for the phone's capabilities.
For example, Blackberry's corporate email on the go. Soon that changed.
People were buying phones, not for what the phone did but
what you could do with a phone; the thousands and
eventually millions of applications that can be accessed through the phone.
This was engineered by Apple and
Google, who brought the desktop computing business model to the mobile phone market.
That is, allowing third parties, software developers, to build applications and
distribute them directly to users.
Nokia and BlackBerry tried to copy the recipe.
However, Apple and
Google were able to defend their business by having initially thousands and
eventually millions of developers creating apps for their devices.
The ecosystem of app developers that Apple and Google amassed, grew at a pace that
Nokia, Blackberry, and later, Microsoft and Mozilla simply couldn't compete with.
Apple and Google were able to use millions of third party apps
to drive demand to their core business:
Apple's hardware business and Google's ad business, as we will see.
To understand how Apple and Google use digital business models to disrupt
incumbent Motorola, Sony Ericson, and RIM, we need new management tools.
We collectively refer to these tools as digital business models,
and we will explore them throughout this course.
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