We can look at what aspects of the photograph relate to how the photograph
relate to how the photograph was taken.
Exposure.
This image shows desired Level of exposure on the left, and
to the right you see two other kinds of exposure.
The one in the middle is highly underexposed, and
the one on the right overexposed.
Depth of filed,
here you see on the left an image that has a shallow depth of field.
To the right you see an image that has a very broad depth of field.
Almost everything Is in the sharpest possible focus.
Here you see, two different approaches to light.
The one on the left uses only natural light and
even then a very bright, ambient light.
The one the right uses an on camera flash to supplement the lighting
that was in the space,
and you can see that the flash is actually incorporated into the design of the image.
In this image, you can see the role played by ISO and in particular,
this is an image which if you were to blow it up, you would notice has
a great deal of graininess, and all kinds of color artifacts, particularly on
the right side of the image because it was taken with a very high ISO.
Another aspect that you can look at in this phase of responding to
photographs has to do with the vantage point.
Focus Notice in the photograph on the left of the foreground is very sharp and
then focused, and the image on the right is actually very much
out of focus although it seems almost there framing, and
it's framing within the frame of the image itself the degree of blur if any.
Found in the image or the degree of sharpness in a image
which tries to stop the motion of a moving object.
Finally we get to a different kind of camera blur.
On the left side you see a Actually, it's a compound blur that's created by shooting
through a colored glass window into a bar, and in the middle, there's another kind
of deliberate blur, and in this case, it's created by a different kind of camera.
This was taken with a pinhole camera, and the image on the right, again,
has two different kinds of blur and actually several Sharply in-focus
parts and that's actually shot through the window of a care in the rain, at night.
Next, we can look at the aspect of the photograph
most often referred to with the term, composition.
We can look at how the elements of the photograph are put together into a whole.
Form has to do with the overall configuration created by the elements.
You can also in the photograph pay attention to whether it's dealing with
a kind of dominant feature, or a particularly striking detail.
You can also pay attention to symmetrical or
asymmetrical configurations within the photograph.
Tone is a special kind of category.
There are lots of ways to establish tone, and
we'll be talking about several of them later on in other parts of the course.
Here you see another aspect that's very important in looking at composition.
Generally referred to with the terms line and shape.
Similar kinds of things hold true for vertical or horizontal lines that pass
through the image, wither from corner or from the sides or the top or the bottom.
Finally, there's a familiar term, and
it's a very important term used within photography, and determines perspective.
Negative space is a crucial category.
In each of these images you see it.
Another aspect of composition is texture.
Another aspect of composition has to do with point of view.
Another aspect of composition is pattern, and
in the final phase of responding to photographs,
we can look at the subject matter, the content, the concepts, and the meaning,
and as before, important terms can guide our response and questions.
We can discern that they have a kind of documentary function,
either to show a place or people or a time.
Sometimes they could be historical, taken from a time period beyond what we
remember or even before we were born, and in some cases, they may document
important events or important people, or other times they might simply document.
Everyday life, this kind of photograph is sometimes referred to as allegorical
it has to do with weather the photograph seems to evoke some kind of story or
some kind of sense that the image itself is connected to a story that somebody
knows or to a plot structure, or a dramatic structure that somebody knows.
Portrait is a very common category of photographs and a complex category.
Perhaps one of the most complex in all of photography.
Since it refers to so many different kinds of projects.
Still life is another category which has been used many, many different ways, many,
many different times.
This category has to do with Whether the photograph seems to be
a suggestion of a concept that can't literally be stated in a photograph,
but that perhaps is evoke by it.
The view more or less had to figure out what they think
might be suggested by the combination of elements within the image.
Another category is often called experimental, and sometimes that refers to
the results, and sometimes it refers to the process used to create the photograph.
Finally, another category similar to portraits in the A sense that
it's a very broad category.
There are many, many,
many different kinds of landscape and many ways of approaching it.
It seems to have been almost an inexhaustible source of inspiration for
photographers to try and create pieces that could be called landscapes.
As you can see,
there are a number of categories that have to do with each of these.
Camerawork, composition, and concept.
All photographers deal with these categories and there are many,
many different approaches, and when you're responding to photographs
it's very helpful to go through these categories, and as I said,
to start off by trying to not get so
much into whether you like or dislike the image or whether you think it's good, or
bad which really may or may not be all that helpful to think about, but
more importantly, you need to start off by noticing things and trying to
hold off thinking about what it might mean, or what the larger form might be,
what the larger scale of questions might be, and to pay attention to detail.
Look at relationships in a sense to do a kind of inventory of what's there before
you start trying to figure out what the meaning of what's there might be.
[MUSIC]
Peter GlendinningProfessor
Mark Valentine SullivanAssociate Professor
