Hi, everyone. Welcome back. Congratulations for nearly completing another module of English for Finance and Leadership. And thank you for spending the next few minutes reviewing the key concepts of Module Two with me. To get the most out of this video, you'll need to locate the Module Two review video worksheet. In this lesson, we'll practice useful language for presenting financial information in charts and graphs. You'll get the chance to use numbers and anticipate questions, so that your answers are said with poise. As a result of this effort, you should be able to do well on your peer review assignment. Furthermore, you'll expand your communication skills. Did you hear me say as a result? Did this phrase introduce a cause or an effect? To answer this question, ask yourself, what will happen first? You'll practice useful language. So, it, is the cause. What happens as a result? You do well on your peer review assignment and expand your communication skills, the effect. The first action is the cause and what follows is the effect. Let's look at the Module Two worksheet. Do you see a graph? This graph was created by Joe, a new manager of a coffee house, whose store had recently saw a sharp decline in sales. As you can imagine, he wanted to know why. Joe started his investigation by recording the time it took from placing an order, to the time the order was completed. Look at the graph. Along the x-axis, you see how many times they timed the process or the cycle. On the y-axis, you see the time each cycle took to complete, from 1 minute, 50 seconds to 3 minutes, 50 seconds. Notice the two huge spikes. When the company saw these two spikes, and asked the question, why are cycle times high during these periods, they were looking for causes. What could have caused the cycle times to have increase so sharply? Can you think of other words that also mean a large upward movement? If you've been studying your quizlet vocabulary, you probably said shot up, rose quickly, or rose sharply. Since explaining charts and graphs is a storytelling process, use your imagination, your own experience and knowledge to imagine a possible cause for the increased time. This shouldn't be too hard if you're a coffee lover like me, with plenty of experience waiting and waiting [LAUGH] and waiting for coffee. Were you able to think of a cause? Want to hear the story I imagined? But as I tell the story, I want you to listen for three things, the causes you hear, the effects, and words indicating addition. Are you ready? This coffeehouse has real staffing issues. Joe discovered a major problem that led to the staffing issue. He learned that the average employee only stayed about three months, then quit. On the days new baristas started, or on the days they quit, the cycle times shot up. Moreover, because employees left without notice, the other employees had to pick up the slack. How did you do? Did you hear language for addition? I heard two words or phrases, moreover and [LAUGH] and. You know what I want you to do now? I want you to imagine that you are Joe. You were given this store to manage but everything's a mess. You came in and did some financial analysis and investigated the problems. After you had a handle on the issues and an idea of how to improve things, you scheduled a meeting with the district manager, your boss. At this meeting, you planned to present your findings and make some recommendations. By the way, the district manager was extremely happy with your initiative. He said that you've already done more work in the last two weeks, than the last manager did in two years, so good work. [LAUGH] Pat yourself on the back. Based on this story and what I've asked you to do in this review lesson, what do you anticipate I'm going to ask you to do now? Now I'm going to ask you to make some contrasting statements about these two managers. You, the current highly skilled manager, and the other guy. What word or phrases will you use to make contrasting statements? You could use although, whereas, or while. Let's do one together. While you worked diligently for the last two weeks, the former manager did not. Remember, you can flip it and say, while the former manager did not work diligently, you have. These types of contrasting statements might be useful for Joe or you [LAUGH] to negotiate a better salary structure. Because your boss said you've done more in two weeks than your predecessor did in two years, you believe that you have some leverage or power to ask for more money, which you plan to do at your meeting. You currently make the lowest entry level salary of $35,560. How would you write that number, $35,560? [LAUGH] Good job. But you want to make the average starting salary of $48,360 a year. How would you write that number, $48,360? That represents a 35.99% increase. How would you write that, 35.99% increase? You should be feeling really confident right now because you've practiced and reviewed words to express cause and effect relationships, words that introduce addition, and contrasting words. Words to express increases and decreases and how to say large numbers. In addition, you listened and understood new vocabulary related to these lessons and anticipated questions in order to be prepared, so you are less defensive and able to answer with poise. Because all of this work and these accomplishments, I'm proud of you. Congratulations. But we're not finished yet, look at this lesson's worksheet. Do you see the section called Presentation Preparation Outline? This outline will be useful to you when you make a formal presentation to management about a problem. Today, we focused on two sections of this outline, the report on the findings of your investigation and anticipating questions in order to answer with poise. If you were asked to tell the story of a chart, I think you could do it, don't you? I also think your ability to anticipate questions is going to help you feel confident and not defensive when answering difficult questions in a formal presentation. [LAUGH] We've covered a lot. What do you think the key takeaways of this review lesson are? I think the key takeaways are that you need to be able to express cause and effect relationships when telling the story of a graph. Moreover, you need to be able to use the expressions for expressing the type of movement shown on a graph or chart. Additionally, you need to be able to say and understand the numbers you hear, especially when talking about forecasts and budgets. You need to be able to use language for stating contrasts. How do you feel? Can you do all of these things? I believe you can. This concludes our review of Module Two. I hope you found value in the work we've done here and wish you success on your peer review assignment. Until next time, thank you for sticking with me and participating in English for Finance and Leadership.