Introduction to Nano Measurement Tools

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Del curso dictado por Duke University

Nanotechnology: A Maker’s Course

464 calificaciones

Duke University

Nanotechnology: A Maker’s Course

464 calificaciones

How can we create nano-structures that are 10,000 times smaller than the diameter of a human hair? How can we “see” at the nano-scale? Through instruction and lab demonstrations, in this course you will obtain a rich understanding of the capabilities of nanotechnology tools, and how to use this equipment for nano-scale fabrication and characterization. The nanoscale is the next frontier of the Maker culture, where designs become reality. To become a Nanotechnology Maker pioneer, we will introduce you to the practical knowledge, skills, and tools that can turn your nanotechnology ideas into physical form and that enable you to image objects at the nano-scale. This course has been developed by faculty and staff experts in nano-fabrication, electron beam microscopy, and nano-characterization through the Research Triangle Nanotechnology Network (RTNN). The RTNN offers training and use of the tools demonstrated in this course to schools and industry through the United States National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure program. The tools demonstrated in this course are available to the public through the RTNN.

De la lección

Introduction to Nanotechnology

Welcome to Nanotechnology! In this module, you will learn some of the basics of nanofabrication and nanocharacterization techniques as well as specific applications of nanotechnology in commercial products. You’ll be able to explain why a cleanroom and vacuum environment are necessary for creating nanotechnology products. Finally, you will be able to explain how we use light, x-rays, and electron beams to characterize objects at the nanoscale. For more detailed learning objectives for each video, please see the first reading.

Welcome to the Course4:11

Introduction to RTNN2:51

What is Nanotechnology?7:06

Introduction to Nano Measurement Tools5:48

Introduction to Nano Fabrication Tools11:37

Conoce a los instructores

Nan M. Jokerst
J. A. Jones Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University
Carrie Donley
Director of CHANL (Chapel Hill Analytical and Nanofabrication Laboratory)
Applied Physical Sciences, UNC Chapel Hill
James Cahoon
Assistant Professor
Chemistry, UNC Chapel Hill
Jacob Jones
Professor
Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University

Hello.

I'm Jacob Jones,

director of the Research Triangle Nanotechnology Network or RTNN.

In this video, you will be introduced to some of

the common tools we use in nano-measurement.

Nano-measurement tools are tools or instruments that help us

visualize and or characterize something at the nano scale.

Nano-measurement tools are not fundamentally

different from traditional measurement tools.

In any measurement experiment,

we are trying to define or discover properties of something.

The property you want to measure will affect what measurement tool you use.

Consider this, if you want to measure your height,

this property can be measured with a tool like a regular ruler or meter stick.

If you wanted to measure something smaller like the length of your hand,

you would still be able to use the same ruler or the same tool.

However, at some point,

the ruler tool is no longer useful.

If you wanted to measure, say,

the thickness of a strand of your hair,

you wouldn't be able to accurately quantify the property you want to measure.

The tool is neither designed to measure nor characterize at that scale.

The subdivisions only go down to millimeters,

about ten times the thickness of your hair.

One million nanometers are in a single millimeter or the smallest subdivision on a ruler.

This is the scale we are measuring at with nano-measurement tools.

Visualizing and characterizing a specimen at the nano scale presents

significant challenges and requires

highly specialized tools and equipment and highly knowledgeable operators to use them.

For starters, we need tools to help us visualize down to the nano scale.

At best, our naked eye can really only visualize

features about the thickness of a single strand of hair.

We use microscopes to help us visualize

objects and features we cannot see with our naked eyes.

In a traditional optical light microscope,

a light source illuminates the specimen with visible light and

magnifies and focuses the image with a system of lenses.

Using optical light microscopes,

we can visualize objects as small as blood cells and bacteria.

Not all microscopes use a beam of light,

electron microscopes use a focused electron beam instead of optical light.

The beam of electrons is accelerated,

focused, and scanned along the sample.

Electrons bounce off the sample and are detected to generate

a magnified image of the sample that we can see with our own eyes.

Electron microscopes are even more powerful than

optical microscopes and capable of allowing

us to see things as small as individual atoms.

While being able to see at this scale is an astounding feat in itself,

we must also use tools to help us measure properties at the nano scale.

There is a vast amount of tools and different techniques used within nano measurement,

each with the unique means of helping us understand a material.

A lot of the tools we use involve bombarding particles onto the sample

such as light particles called photons, ions or electrons.

Light and electron microscopes work in this way.

A beam of electrons or light particles

allow us to generate a magnified image of the sample.

Each type of particle;

ions, electrons and photons,

will interact with the specimen in a unique way

to reveal different information about the material.

The sample might alter the path of the particles

like how a prism refracts light into different colors.

The way the incident light particles change direction after hitting

the material can be measured and can reveal information about the material,

or the particle can cause changes in the material itself like structural changes,

or absorbing energy and vibrating bonds within the structure.

Forcing these interactions to occur and measuring

them helps us define and discover properties at the nano scale.

Properties that we can determine using

nano measurement tools include how big, or in our case,

how small something, what it is made of,

information about the molecular structure,

and the strength of micro sized or nano sized features.

Some tools have the capability to observe and measure how these nano scale properties

change when the material is exposed to external factors like physical stresses,

changes in temperature or radiation.

For instance, in this video,

we see a live SEM feed of a piece of glass frit on

a special stage that can heat up to very high temperatures within the microscope.

Once the glass heats up to its melting point,

we can see how the particle changes as a result of the temperature change.

In the realm of nano measurement,

there are so many tools available to help us

uncover information about the world around us.

I hope you have enjoyed this video and thank you for watching.

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