I think arranging speech along the stock issues is a pretty reliable strategy. There's a basic narrative structure there, right? Problem, cause, solution. The arrangement makes sense without you really having to talk about it too much. Let's take a look at an example. Here's a speech about the nonprofit Abused Deaf Women's Advocacy Services or ADWAS. So let's take a look at this. We've got an ill here. Domestic abuse in deaf communities can be a devastating problem. Now why would this be? Well you know deaf partners face distinct challenges as victims of assault and abuse. They can be trapped if their abuser gives false interpretations. So then we shift over to blame. Domestic violence organizations lack adequate resources. Well this should probably come as no great surprise. Larger domestic violence organizations often don't have connections to the deaf community or they lack reliable translation services. But wait, right? Then we reach Cure. Abused Deaf Women's Advocacy Services, ADWAS, provides essential help. Now what do they do? They have a strong connection to the community. That's sort of an attitudinal cure there, and they provide translators and legal services to the victims of their families, right? We've got a cure in the structural way. Then we get to the calls to action. Help ADWAS and raise awareness. Go to ADWAS.org and donate time or money. You can also help raise awareness by supporting these other organizations, and we lay out what some of those are. Now the logic moves us along in that speech and you'll notice though that there's no consequence stock issues in that speech. I honestly don't think it needs it there. You could certainly add it but I don't think it needs it. Why? Because if you're asking for donations, it's less likely that you have to show a nice cost benefit analysis there. But what about if you do? Well let's go ahead and take a look at the case of the lackadaisical lab tech. So here we have it, Ill. Most lab techs are ignoring procedures and that might end up costing us some grant money. Blame. We've got an attitudinal inherency of a lack of knowledge about the need for compliance and we've got a gap inherency about the current compliance procedures taking too long. But there are cures and that's include a section on compliance in the tech training. All right that's a workable cure that solves for attitudinal inherency and a plan to streamline the procedure with an improved online reporting system. All right, that's a workable cure that's also a gap inherency. Now what happens if this plan is implemented? Okay, well here we can talk about consequences. Not only does this bring us into better legal compliance but it can also help us get a better picture of how our techs are spending their time and how much that reflects our actual priorities as a lab. So then we land here finally on our calls to action. So we should act now by hiring an outside group to build us a good online reporting system. So here the Cure costs the audience something, so I think consequences kind of makes more sense to include there. In some cases you can cut out other stock issues altogether. So if the audience has a solid sense of what's going on, maybe you don't need to include that stock issue. Let me give you an example of this. So here at the University of Washington, I teach this class here as well. I have students do their persuasive speeches. What we're working on now. But I having them outdoors. We just happened to have a large public space on campus. And so they deliver them out there. There's usually lots of members of the public out there. Now one time I had a student who was arguing for gun rights. That's just what he was going to do. And this is an established debate here in the U.S.. OK. So he didn't have to talk about blame. People kind of knew what the blame was. They already knew that information. So he went with a straight Ill, Cure, Call to Action speech. Here's what that outline kind of looked like. So what do we do? We start out with "Oh we must protect our Second Amendment right to bear arms". Well, why gun restrictions threaten our rights and lives and they violate the Second Amendment and endanger homeowners. So what do we do? We must defend our right to bear arms and that means protecting gun rights and clarifying the debate. And you should take action. Okay, join the National Rifle Association. So that's the major pro-gun lobby here in the US. Be a reasonable gun owner and educate others. All right so that's basically what he was arguing, that's fine. So he's out there and he's doing the speech out on Red Square, it's a beautiful day out there, that's the public space. Lots of people milling around. And remember how it's a public space. Well as it turns out I'm out there watching it and this huge international tour group who just happened to be visiting the UW at this time, this huge tour group comes out on Red Square and they see this guy out there like you know doing the speech. Oh you know they come over, they're looking at him, they're watching and listening to him. I mean it's a massive group and they're watching him and he's up there like, protect guns. And at one point in the speech he even says to his audience, and it made sense for his Cure, he even says to his audience, go buy a gun. And the audience was there and just taking tons of pictures and I'm like, oh man, what is going on here. And I'm sure the crowd is like, these Americans, look at them declaiming in the public square. They love their freedom of speech and guns. They love speech and guns. So you were in that group, just know, it's not common to hear random pro-gun speeches as you stroll around town. I'm not saying it won't happen but it's not super duper common. But all of this is to say, if you're pushing for something, a basic stock issue speech is probably one of the most reliable arrangement models that you got.
