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Getting data with NSURLSession

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Networking and Security in iOS Applications

Universidad de California en Irvine

4.6 (239 calificaciones) | 12K estudiantes inscritos

Curso 2 de 6 en iOS Development for Creative Entrepreneurs Programa Especializado

You will learn to extend your knowledge of making iOS apps so that they can securely interact with web services and receive push notifications. You'll learn how to store data securely on a device using Core Data. You’ll also learn to securely deploy apps to the App Store and beta users over-the-air. The format of the course is through a series of code tutorials. We will walk you through the creation of several apps that you can keep as a personal app toolbox. When you make your own apps after this course, you can bring in these capabilities as needed. When necessary we pop out of the code tutorials to talk about concepts at a higher level so that what you are programming makes sense. Upon completing this course, you will be able to: 1. Post Facebook, Twitter, Sina Weibo, Tencent Weibo messages to social media using single sign-on on behalf of a user. 2. Use OAuth 2.0 to securely authenticate to Instagram and retrieve photos on behalf of a user 3. JSON 4. Describe JSON’s syntax 5. Write well-formed JSON 6. Work with JSON data objects in Objective-C 7. Appropriately set the security settings for App Transport Security in iOS 9.0 8. Use http, https and https with perfect forward secrecy to fetch web resources 9. Obtain permissions to receive local push notifications 11. Write an app that can send and receive local push notifications 12. Obtain permissions to receive remote push notifications 13. Write an app that can receive remote push notifications 14. Authenticate using Apple’s cryptographic services such that the developer can use 3rd party infrastructure to send remote push notifications to their app. 15. Securely store data on the user’s device. 16. Authenticate using Apple’s cryptographic services such that they can deploy an app to the app store

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4.6 (239 calificaciones)

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KE

Mar 21, 2016

Really good information, good quality presentation. The working examples are well chosen and fun to work along with. Thank you!

SR

Apr 25, 2016

Great course, cuts right to the chase. I'm reviewing the lessons which I hope never turns off. thanks Coursera

De la lección

Using Secure Web APIs: an Instagram Case Study

Now it's time to consider what we are going to do if we want to work with web services that aren't deeply integrated into iOS. There are hundreds (thousands?!?!) of them. Most of them require authentication via the OAuth 2.0 protocol. In this week's lessons we will walk through an example of getting a photo from Instagram on behalf of a user. This week is also a code tutorial in preparation for your peer review assignment, but in the middle we need to step back from coding to cover some basics: How do we use a UIImageView? What is OAuth 2.0 anyway? What is JSON and how do we read it? What's the big deal about http vs https anyway?

NSAppTransport in iOS 910:26

Network Security Considerations22:16

Getting data with NSURLSession10:26

Calling and Parsing API JSON data7:38

Impartido por:

Don Patterson
Associate Professor
Sam Kaufman
Partner at Gradient

Transcripción

[MUSIC]

We've come a long way.

We've authenticated with Instagram.

We've gotten a callback.

We've authorized our application to talk to services on the Internet that maybe

aren't the most secure.

Now what we need to do, is we need to finish this process off and

understand the data that comes back from Instagram.

So let's go into our code, and I put the code there and

then we're just gonna uncomment it and walk through it as we talk about it.

So, for starters, let's look at what happened when we hit the login button.

That occurs right here.

We've already seen this.

We're gonna request access to account with type Instagram, great.

And if we do that, we'll need to go back after this and turn on and

off the buttons but maybe we can start that off right now.

So lets see.

So after we load then we want to say

self.logoutButton.enabled = false.

So you don't want to logout until after you've logged in.

And self.refresh.enabled = false,

because you don't want to be able to refresh until you've logged in.

And then we'll say after we login, we will set

both of those To true.

Now ideally we would check to see if our login was successful, but

we'll just assume that's gonna be successful for the purposes of this one.

And self.loginButton.enabled = false.

Okay, so we turn ourselves out.

Okay, so then when we want to logout, what happens when we logout?

Well we need to get access to our shared store, so

this is the place where all of our credentials are kept.

We wanna get access to all of the accounts in our store for the type of Instagram,

because we could potentially be authenticating to multiple different

services.

And in fact,

we might be authenticating to Instagram with multiple different accounts, so

we're gonna get an array back of all the Instagram accounts that are authenticated.

And when we logout, we're gonna go through each one of them, and

we're gonna tell the store to remove that account, so all the Instagram accounts.

And then the last thing that we're gonna do is, after we log out,

we're going to disable the logout and

refresh buttons and enable the login button.

Okay, then finally, when it becomes time to refresh our button,

this is where we're gonna do all our work.

There's a lot of error checking that we have to do here and

there's some more services that we need to.

Requests from the Internet.

So let's start, and I'll show you the code that was

run down there with the warning Instagram, one Instagram account logged in.

So the first thing that we're gonna do, is we're gonna access our shared store,

our source of all of our information about our accounts.

And we're gonna ask for all the accounts of type Instagram, I'm using a capital I.

We're just gonna check to see if there is an account that has been logged in.

And if that count is 0, then we're just gonna put a message on the log that says,

telling how many accounts have been logged in.

Which should be 0, because we just checked for it.

And if that's the case, then there's nothing to request,

there's no information to get from the Internet.

So we're immediately gonna return and not do the rest of the code.

But, if there is at least one Instagram account available,

then we're gonna get it.

And we're just gonna get the first one and if for

somehow there are more than one Instagram accounts registered and

I'm not quite sure how that would happen, we're gonna ignore all but the first one.

Within that store is the access token

that we need in order to request information from our web service.

Now, we're going to start to build a URL,

from which we are going to request information from Instagram about the user.

So, from the API, we get the URL in question, and

in this case we want api.instagram.com/v1/users/self/feed.

And if we go to Instagram,

it will list all the different kinds of data that you can get about this user, and

in this case we're gonna get the person who's logged in, their feed of pictures.

And what you need to do in order to get that information back,

is in addition to specifying this URL,

you have to add the access token, which is what we got after we authenticated.

So, we're going to create a URL by putting the string literal here, and

then adding the token that we got from our store here, and

then we're going to build a URL from that string.

Pretty straightforward, a URL object.

Now, we have the source of this data.

We're now gonna go out to the Internet and ask for it, to get it back.

To do that, we need to create an NSURLSession.

This is the mechanism in iOS that does the request for us on the Internet.

We'll get the one shared session for our app.

And then we're just gonna make a colleague go out and get the data.

Now what I'm doing here, is I'm showing you the pattern for

how you make that call.

You access the session, you send it which URL you want to request.

And then you tell it what to do on response.

And then you pass it the resume message in order for it to go.

Now, the thing about requesting resources from the Internet,

is that it takes time and it takes a variable amount of time.

And so, all of the work with what you do with the response

is done in the completion handler.

In this case I'm making it nil just so

you can see the pattern of whats happening here.

If we run this code, nothing's gonna happen,

the request will go out on the Internet but nothing will come back.

Let's run it and just see if everything's working okay, and

then we'll add some code into that completion handler.

We get a warning because we shouldn't be nil passing now to that

completion handler.

What's the point, if you're not gonna do anything with the data back?

But, it's just a warning, so it should run okay.

So we see our logout and our refresh, our grade out.

Let's go ahead and login.

Okay, I've already logged in, so I'll kick back.

Great, and now I should be able to refresh, oh and

we see we received a call back, great, we hit refresh.

And everything's fine, because we have an account logged in,

we're making a request to the Internet but we're not doing anything with the result.

All right, so now let's do something with the result.

In order to do something with the result, we need to give the completion handler

an anonymous function so that the answer that comes back is used.

So here's the signature of the anonymous function.

It receives a variety of different parameters and

here is where we put the code that is going to do something with it.

So we're gonna get the data back, we're gonna get a response.

And we're gonna get any error codes.

Now, this is a little cumbersome because we have to check for

three different kinds of errors.

The first kind of error we have to check for is a network error.

To see if for some reason,

the network went down and we are unable to get any data back.

The second kind of error we have to check for is an HTTP error.

And that's an error if for some reason the Instagram web server is broken.

And then the last error we have to check for,

is to make sure that the JSON that we get back from Instagram is well formed.

Make sure that it parses okay and creates a data object.

So I'm gonna go ahead and cut and paste that code from down here and

we'll walk through it.

All right, so our error handling is gonna be right here.

So the first thing that we're gonna do, is we're going to check for

a network error, and that's one of our parameters.

So if there's an error, then we're simply gonna say we couldn't finish the request

and we're gonna return immediately and do nothing else, that's a network error.

If there's an HTTP error, and the way we're gonna do that,

is we're gonna check the response that we got back.

We know that what we just sent was an NSHTTPURL response,

we know we're gonna get that back cuz that's what we passed up here.

Just a fact that if your HTTP code is less than 200 or greater than equal to 300,

then that's sort of the rough way of saying that you got an error.

If we got an error, we're just gonna return.

And then finally, we're gonna check for a parse error, so

we're gonna take that data that we got back, which is right here.

So this is a data object that we received, and we're going to try and parse

it using our NSJSON serialization, which you may remember from our JSON lecture.

And if it parses okay, then down here,

we are going to be able to access our data.

In which case, we are going to be interested in that URL object.

So let's go back to the example that Instagram gave us about what

the JSON is gonna look like.

And we can see here that there's a particular path we want to follow

down to the URL that we're trying to grab.

So we wanna find data and then we want to find images.

And then we want to find standard resolution.

And then we want to find the URL for that.

Okay, so let's come back in a second and

look at how we're gonna parse out that data, get that URL.

And then we're gonna go back out to Internet, again, and ask for

the data from that URL.

[MUSIC]

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