Lecture 4.3: Bullying

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Del curso dictado por Commonwealth Education Trust

Foundations of Teaching for Learning: Learners and Learning

84 calificaciones

Commonwealth Education Trust

Foundations of Teaching for Learning: Learners and Learning

84 calificaciones

The Foundations of Teaching for Learning programme is designed for teachers and educators of all abilities and backgrounds; from those who are new to the classroom and looking for development, to experienced teachers ready to reboot their skills for modern education. With dynamic lessons taught by established and respected professionals from across the Commonwealth, this eight course programme will see you develop and strengthen your skills in teaching, professionalism, assessment, and more. As you carry on through the programme, you will find yourself strengthening not only your professional skills, but your connection with colleagues across the globe. A professional development opportunity not to be missed. The teacher’s work becomes meaningful when it is informed by research and theories of learning, and their relationship to actual practice. This course provides an opportunity for you to identify and understand students’ expectations and prior learning. Enhance your course by joining the Commonwealth teaching community on our website, Facebook and Twitter.

De la lección

The power of the peer group

The four lectures this week are all related to the theme of peer groups. We look at the positive and negative effects of peer groups, including how smoking drugs and alcohol problems can affect the classroom and the school, the concerning issue of bullying, and the problems that emerge when we label students in particular ways. I encourage you to write a narrative in which you bring together a reflection on your own classroom, the relationships that peers have within it and how this impacts on your teaching. At the end of this week we are offering you the second interview between myself and Professor John MacBeath, where will discuss some of the issues that arose during weeks three and four. Also, this week, as well as the quiz, you should be starting to finalise the second peer assessment essay.

Lecture 4.1: Understanding peer groups16:05

Lecture 4.2: Smoking, alcohol, drugs and peer pressure12:55

Lecture 4.3: Bullying12:58

Lecture 4.4: Labeling11:35

Conoce a los instructores

Associate Professor George Oduro
Associate Professor of Educational Leadership
University of Cape Coast, Ghana
Professor John MacBeath
Professor Emeritus
University of Cambridge, UK

[MUSIC]

Hello, you are welcome once again to this course.

Today, we want to look at bullying.

What do you think constitutes bullying?

It is a common word, but

viewed differently by different people and cultures.

In your opinion, what constitutes bullying?

I want you to consider just one of the definitions.

Some people look at bullying simply as using one's physical

strength to hurt someone because they are different from them.

It is also when someone insults and ridicules a person.

What do you also think about bullying?

Reflect on this for a moment.

Bullying has become a school safety issue which

attracts attention of school authorities, parents, governments, and

other stakeholders. Wherever there is harm to children,

the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child has

asked countries to use agencies at the school to

ensure that all appropriate measures to promote physical and

psychological recovery and social reintegration of the victim is taken.

That should tell us the gravity of cases of bullying in our

schools which teachers need to help control.

What forms does bullying take in our schools?

Bullying can take the form of verbalisation.

Here, we're talking about verbal bullying.

This type of bullying is common in schools.

It involves threats, calling names,

making offensive jokes, belittling other's capabilities and at

times, scrutinizing one's gender, race, color, ethnicity,

religion, socioeconomic status or even political

orientation. It can also take the form of physical

attacks and this occurs when stronger, older

and more well-built students and adults exert physical attacks on very weak

students. It may be seen through punching,

slapping, kicking, hitting, pushing, or destroying

property: books, uniform. And the most serious one, it can be seen,

where there are cases of rape, particularly gang rape.

That's any form of duress that exerts physical pains on a

child constitutes physical bullying. It can also

take the form of alienation. This involves discriminative

acts that treat a child as an outcast in school.

This is often based on some prejudices

that the perpetrator may hold against the victim.

Some bullies encourage other students to alienate a person during school

activities, groupings, games, and break periods just because they don't like them.

In this sense, bullies threaten others that they

will also suffer alienation if found talking or making friends with the victim.

This type really affects the psychological state of a child in the school

and it's something that a teacher must be concerned about.

We also have what we call the blackmail bullying.

This involves an act that indirectly affects

the psychological balance of the victim.

It is an indirect act of bullying which is sometimes hard to spot

as the person involved may not himself be aware of the harassment done.

It involves acts such as spreading rumors of fabricated stories

which tends to blemish the public image of the victim.

Breaking confidentiality which involves divulging secrets

which have reputation damaging implications.

It may also involve teasing, mimicking mannerisms associated with the individual,

for instance, in a classroom.

Then it also involves making gestures and faces behind a person's back.

This is the blackmailing type of bullying. Then there's one other, which

is now emerging in our society, and this is Internet bullying.

This involves cyber-related attacks on persons.

With the proliferation of information and technology

devices, mobile phones, tablets and laptops etc.,

it is easier to bully others through technology mediums.

This is often done through spreading false information

through bulk text messaging around the campus, or inside the class;

hacking others' web page, and altering its contents;

posting a video of a physical abuse on the net.

Children become victims to cyber bullying through Facebook, net browsing, etc.

And these are issues that the teacher needs to educate children on.

Now, the big question is why do students engage in bullying?

One of the things psychologists have identified is previous experience.

It is said that past experience of bullying by children play a major

role in motivating their involvement in acts of bullying.

In other words, when children have themself experienced bullying

they see it as a normal thing,

and so, want to exert the same

experience on others based on their previous experience.

Then there is misdirected frustration. People can often direct frustration,

hurt, anger and difficulty, at home or in class, to others in the school.

There are occasions where some children would use bullying as a means

of seeking attention. Some people bully to attract attention

and the lack of attention from friends, parents, or teachers, can make a person

bully others, just to project them as popular, or tough.

Bad home or school role models.

These have been recurring in the previous lectures that we have had.

Some children are bullies because of parental or teacher role model as bullies.

They've learned bullying from others.

In homes where fathers beat up their

wives, and fathers beat up children without cause,

children definitely will find such acts normal, and will want

to exert such acts on their colleagues at least opportunity.

They bully another to put fear in others so they

would have the best shot in everything in the school.

The media influence.

Violent acts watched by children on the television,

films, movies, and video games can make

children curious to try out violent things.

But don't forget that bullying has a cost,

and the cost of bullying in school is great.

One, it affects the individual, the victim.

It creates an embarrassment for the individual.

Some victims experience psychological distress, which keeps

them frequently absent from school,

just because of the embarrassment they get out of that.

Victimisation can also lead to depression and low self

esteem that can last for years after experiencing bullying in school.

Students who experience bullying at least once a week are more

likely to experience poorer health, contemplate suicide, and suffer

from depression, social dysfunction and anxiety, and other psychological traumas.

There is also the physical cost of bullying.

Children who are bullied may experience physical harm,

such as bruises, fractures, and also suffer anxiety.

Again,

it has a psychosocial cost. Frequent

victims of bullying in school often suffer both emotionally and

socially. Bullied children tend to experience a wide

range of emotions. They may feel angry, bitter, frustrated,

lonely and isolated from their peers. As a result, they may skip

classes and resort to drugs and alcohol to numb their pain.

And if bullying is ongoing, they may develop

depression and even contemplate suicide as earlier mentioned.

Also, there is an academic cost of bullying.

A study conducted by the University of Virginia

showed that children who attend a school with

a severe climate of bullying often have lower scores on the standardised tests.

Children scored lower on similar tests

than schools with effective anti-bullying programmes.

How do you deal with bullying? One of the things that can be

done is to engage parents, school staff and other adults in

the community to help children prevent bullying by talking about it,

building a safe school environment, and

creating a community-wide bullying prevention strategy.

It may be very important for the school

to have an anti-bullying policy that will guide operations.

Schools and communities that

respect diversity can also have protection against bullying behaviour.

One other way of dealing with bullying is

for the teacher to show particular interest in

the welfare of each student in the school. The

teacher should not just think about teaching the

subjects, but also about the very living of the child

by paying attention to emotional issues as well.

I wish you all the best. Thank you.

[MUSIC]

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