2.1.6 Fear and hatred

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Del curso dictado por University of California, Santa Cruz

The Holocaust: The Destruction of European Jewry

129 calificaciones

University of California, Santa Cruz

The Holocaust: The Destruction of European Jewry

129 calificaciones

The Holocaust: The Destruction of European Jewry is an adaptation of an on-campus course that has been co-taught by Murray Baumgarten, Distinguished Professor of English and Comparative Literature (Literature Department), and Peter Kenez, Professor Emeritus (History Department), for over 20 years at UC Santa Cruz. In this course, you will explore the Holocaust from the overlapping perspectives of literature and history—through memoirs, historical documents, poetry, documentary footage, filmic representations, and novels. You will expand your knowledge of the literature of the Holocaust, Eastern and Western European Jewish communities, the origins and development of antisemitism, the establishment of labor and extermination camps, resistance movements, and the Holocaust as a problem for world history. There is more than one way to take this course: You can complete all of the activities (and earn a Verified Certificate) or only the activities that are most interesting to you. Whatever you choose to do, we encourage you to find a havruta (a study partner) in your community or in the Coursera community so that you can experience the course in a more interactive and meaningful way.

De la lección

Prelude to the Holocaust

In this module Profs. Baumgarten and Kenez discuss the changing demographics and political landscape of early 20th century Eastern Europe, Jewish identity, the Bildungsroman, Silvano Arieti’s The Parnas, Primo Levi’s Survival in Auschwitz, Aharon Appelfeld’s Badenheim 1939, and Elie Wiesel’s Night.

2.1.1 Eastern Europe in the 20th century9:26

2.1.2 Poland, part 110:15

2.1.3 Poland, part 27:50

2.1.4 Hungary, part 110:38

2.1.5 Hungary, part 212:27

2.1.6 Fear and hatred5:45

Conoce a los instructores

Murray Baumgarten
Distinguished Professor of English & Comparative Literature
Literature
Peter Kenez
Professor Emeritus
History

If I can add a few things.

Peter is trying to talk both about what it's like from

the inside to be Jewish in these changing circumstances.

WWI Industrialization,

economic opportunity, political freedom.

And also, from the outside, how Jews are looked at

that leads to making them

the center of Nazi ideology

as both an enormous threat and

also a miserable

people, and you need those two parts.

The fear of their power,

and the hatred of them, for their being different.

And the Jews maintained some of them,

that difference by eating different kinds of foods.

By not mixing milk and meat for example.

So what you regard as everybody goes to the restaurant and

strangers eat the same food.

Jews, religious Jews would not do.

But then the Jews became modern.

And they gradually said well, we have to be Hungarian and we need to,

like the other Hungarians, go to the restaurants and eat like everyone else.

And then some of them became radicalized,

so they became visible in a different way.

But Peter also said, somehow the Jews remain Jews.

That is, they're not just a religious group,

they're what we would think of today as an ethnic group.

So, they remain, from the outside, an ethnic group.

Therefore, we won't let too many of them into the university.

And there's also all of this undercurrent of religious teaching.

The whole notion of the blood liable.

And you may think this is crazy, but

I can tell you that in Berkley in the 1960's, we invited

a couple to have dinner with us and we served them borscht.

Which is soup made from beets.

And afterwards, they admitted they were afraid to eat it

because they knew we were a traditional Jewish household, and

to them, yep, they thought it was blood we were serving them.

This is Berkley,

California, 1960.

Where did that come from?

It's still present somewhere.

On the other hand, Jews are everywhere.

Now in Hungary and you have this problem

in that story I used last time on account of the hat where

if he can change his good fortune just by wearing a different hat.

But you noticed in that story that when he woke up from the bench he looks for

a hat, because religious Jews cover their heads.

If he hadn't bothered with the hat

he could have just had a different fate.

So yes, clothing, passing, all of those things.

But also great achievement.

Peter told you that the Jews of Hungary, because of the numerus clausus,

often went abroad to study.

You know that Jews were very important in the work that led to the atomic bomb.

Well, I don't know what percentage of those Jewish physicists were Hungarian,

but maybe it was more than 50%.

So, they went abroad.

They took their skills somewhere else.

Whereas, the Polish Jews took their skills to expanding Yiddish culture,

Jewish culture, all the rest.

So you need to look in the mirror and

say, I'm ethnic, I'm going to work for my ethnic group.

This is America, after all.

Or, I'm going to work for the general good and go into politics.

Or, well, you'll do both because this is America.

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